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Blockchain Layers: Foundations of Decentralized Systems

Andrew Steenkamp

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Photo by Fons Heijnsbroek, abstract-art on Unsplash

The blockchain revolution is well underway, transforming industries from finance to supply chain management. At the heart of this technological shift lies the blockchain itself — a multi-layered structure that supports everything from cryptocurrencies to decentralized applications (DApps). Understanding these layers is crucial for grasping how blockchain works and why it has the potential to reshape the digital world.

In this guide, we’ll explore the different layers of blockchain, from the foundational elements that make transactions possible to the sophisticated applications that are changing the way we interact with digital assets. Along the way, we’ll use clear examples to simplify complex concepts and leave you with a roadmap for further exploration.

Photo by Scott Blake on Unsplash

Layer 0: The Infrastructure Layer

Before diving into the layers that most people are familiar with, it’s important to start at the very beginning — Layer 0. This is the infrastructure layer, the backbone that underpins all blockchains. Layer 0 includes the hardware, protocols, and communication channels that allow different blockchains to operate and interact…

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